Analysis of the Characteristics of Real-World Emission Factors and VSP Distributions—A Case Study in Beijing

Vehicle emissions intensity at a given travel speed is well known among the public since key parameter in both traffic model and emission model. Yet, several problems still remain traditional approaches of measuring intensity. To establish accurate high-resolution factors, an established method factors proposed based on real-time monitoring operation conditions data, which can reflect effect dynamic changes emissions. The speed-specific vehicle-specific power (VSP) distributions different months, as those vehicles Beijing were developed compared. Statistical analyses such Coefficient Variation (CV) Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) used to quantify differences VSP distribution. results showed significant correlation between distribution VSP, velocity, operating patterns time intervals within annual range. Driving 2021 are more eco-friendly because improvement digital development driving habits. Furthermore, research CO, HC, NOx factor situations cycles revealed that HC always underestimated typical modes, while sometimes CO overvalued.